|
Davos (Romansh: ''Tavau'', archaic Italian: ''Tavate'', local German pronunciation (:daˈfoːs)) is a municipality in the district of Prättigau/Davos in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland. It has a permanent population of (). Davos is located on the Landwasser River, in the Swiss Alps, between the Plessur and Albula Range. At , it is the highest city in Europe.〔(Bestmountaintowns.com ), Retrieved on 2010-01-27〕 Davos is host to the World Economic Forum (WEF), an annual meeting of global political and business elites (often referred to simply as Davos) and the home of one of Switzerland's biggest ski resorts. At the end of every year it serves as the site of the annual Spengler Cup ice hockey tournament, hosted by the HC Davos local hockey team. ==History== The current settlement of the Davos area started back in High Middle Ages with the immigration of Rhaeto-Romans. The village of Davos is first mentioned in 1213 as ''Tavaus''.〔 From about 1280 the barons of Vaz allowed German-speaking Walser colonists to settle down, and conceded them extensive self-administration rights, causing Davos to become the largest Walser settlement area in eastern Switzerland. Natives still speak a dialect that is atypical for Graubünden, showing similarities with German idioms of western parts of Switzerland, especially the Upper Valais. In 1436, the League of the Ten Jurisdictions was founded in Davos. From the middle of the 19th century, Davos modeled on Sokołowsko became a popular destination for the ailing because the microclimate in the high valley was deemed excellent by doctors (initiated by Alexander Spengler〔(Alexander Spengler Davos Klosters )〕) and recommended for lung disease patients. Robert Louis Stevenson, who suffered from tuberculosis, overwintered in Davos in 1880 at the recommendation of his Edinburgh physician Dr. George Balfour. Arthur Conan Doyle wrote an article about skiing in Davos in 1899. A sanatorium in Davos is also the inspiration for the Berghof Sanitorium in Thomas Mann's novel ''Der Zauberberg'' (''The Magic Mountain''). Between 1936 and 1938, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, then at the end of his life, depicted Davos and the Junkerboden. His painting has a both romantic and pantheistic atmosphere and simplified formal structure. In the ''natural ice'' era of winter sports, Davos, and the ''Davos Eisstadion'' was a mecca for speed skating. Many international championships were held here, and many world records were set, beginning with Peder Østlund who set four records in 1898. The only European Bandy Championship was held in the town in 1913.〔(Web.archive.org )〕 Subsequently, Davos became a famous ski resort, especially frequented by tourists from the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. After peaking in the 1970s and 1980s, the city settled down as a leading but less high-profile tourist attraction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Davos」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|